| By the end of the century, the property had become an eleven hundred acre ranch owned by J.P. Merrill and John Milky. Watson turned out to be only twenty minutes from where I’d turned back the previous day. No doubt those who are bent on proving that the Chinese first discovered North America would be delighted with such “evidence.”, Although Dr. Agenbroad recognized that the jumps may have been used for hunting other animals as well, namely pronghorn, he declared it “a monument to the initiative, ingenuity, foresight, and success of prehistoric settlers….”  He also deemed the hunting complex “an extension of the known range of the bison in western America.”  That assertion was made forty years ago, and I confess I don’t know what has since been found to prove or disprove it. Elias’ mother recommended the D&B Supply in Caldwell, one of those stores that has just about anything one might want or need for ranch life. Hazel’s “own people” were English, but other settlers hailed from the Isle of Man, Scotland and Germany. There are some areas, such as feral horses and unrestricted ATV use, where cattlemen and environmentalists could work together. In February 1931 a bill was introduced into the Oregon legislature to change the name to Sinnott County in honor of Nicholas J. Sinnott, who had been a state senator and died July 20, 1929. In his remarks Clinton mentioned other places that in the future would deserve similar protection; he specifically pointed to the Owyhee Canyonlands. "But birds rely on them for their food. The two adjoining parts combine to make a “T”–the single-story section being the stem and the two-story structure forming the arms of the “T”. (More could be done.) My friends who have actively engaged the local community in Malheur county have attested to this. Being at the upper end of the reservoir, only parts of Watson were flooded; when the reservoir is down much of that is revealed. Google Earth just doesn’t show much, and I had to remind myself that prior to the dam it was probably just a grassy knoll among many others now lying beneath the water. He has visited Jordan Valley and the surrounding area researching the Basque families there, and he has done two documentaries based on the interviews he conducted there. Bill Crowell, These were taken in 2011, the last year the reservoir was full, and this past month (April 2016). And I continued to visit them up until Stacia  passed away in 1990. A staircase once led to the 2nd floor door. The ranch clearly once had been an island and perhaps becomes one again when the water runs high. I was surprised to learn of this currency, which came into existence in 2013 and is modeled on the euro. The RV park in Sisters where we stayed the first night had required all of us to sleep in the trailer–the girls and Theresa on a converted dining-table double bed and I on a cot-sized bed from the dinette. The manner in which Sofie and Lara are able to quickly make friends almost anywhere they go never fails to astonish me. Several Malheur county residents have told me, sometimes rather vehemently, that monument designation would “devastate” cattlemen and the local economy. An Illustrated History of Baker, Malheur and Grant Counties. Yet for some of the best views of the canyons being in the water gives some awesome vantage points not otherwise possible. Beneath will be found thoughts and information on the question of protection for the Owyhee Canyonlands. I’ve listened to Malheur county residents excoriating “environmentalists” from the western part of the state for wanting to “destroy” their way of life and economy in order to preserve recreational opportunities for themselves. "Oh! But the environmentalists’ concern with preserving the Canyonlands goes deeper than simply protecting recreation sites and viewscapes. There is a range of views in the community. If fly fishing the Owyhee River is not enough, we also serve you gourmet lunches from Porterhouse Deli in Eagle, Idaho. After completing the Arock school, Hazel did her Freshman year in Jordan Valley under the tutorship of the Ontario Educational District and then went to Ontario to complete high school. To see them–the 800 foot wall included–required being almost on top of them. We took so many pictures, some of which are included in the blog. The British author of our guide book to the Basque country in France and Spain (published in 2015),  wrote, “In terms of politics specific to the French Basques, there is precious little support north of the border for the idea of an independent, seven province Basque state.”  During Mitterrand’s tenure (1981-95) there was talk of official recognition of the Basque language and the creation of a French Pays Basque department from the three former French Basque provinces. I say “putative” because Dr. Agenbroad’s conclusions were not universally accepted. Lumber had to be hauled long distances; Conley and Stacia hauled the fresh lumber for their new house in Hole in the Ground from Vale. I took off the watch and attached it to a belt loop where it would be shaded by the tail of my white Columbia Omni-Shade shirt and unaffected by my body heat. We found Mike in his shed fixing a buckboard. “The history will become yours and you can continue to add to it.”  She was overjoyed and asked if it would be all right to use the material as a basis for writing a “fantasy”–a fictional account of the family. There is a 1944 USC doctoral dissertation by Joseph Harold Gaiser that I find frustrating. At one time it was known for serving “Basque cuisine,” which made it worth the stop if just for the experience. Because the Danners lived near the school, three of the Yturridobieta children, whose ranch was some distance, boarded with the Danners. Tuesday took us to the part of the Canyon I really wanted to show the girls. In any case, jump site or not, Wild Horse Table now rested near the top of my list of Owyhee sites to visit. Earlier in May while in Salem for testimony concerning protection for the Owyhee Canyonlands, Tim had met Elias Eiguren, on whose ranch the Sheep Ranch Fort stands. Whether they leased it directly from the Bureau of Reclamation or subleased it from the Griffiths is not known. In response to Claudia’s questions I wrote mom, and after a long delay she replied with a seventeen-page history of the family on her side as she knew it. The locations of many of these places are found on BLM and USFS maps. The earliest surviving record of the name is found on a map dating to 1825, drawn by William Kittson (who was previously with Mackenzie in 1819-1820, and then with Peter Skene Ogden in 1825), on which he notes "Owhyhee River" [his spelling]. Lewis MacArthur speculates that the town’s name came from the same source as the river. I didn’t begrudge having to carry three liters of water. Owyhee River: History (Part 2) Jan 12, 2015. For a start, these lands could cease to be “public” without becoming the property of anyone now benefiting from them. Agenboard composed a testy response to which Plew responded mollifyingly. Basques. That includes the night I would spend on the floor in the Best Western motel in Nampa because I’d messed up the on-line reservation and got a room with a single king-sized bed. Her description fits the building’s present configuration, which perhaps reflects an alteration from the original layout. He opened a stick and wire gate in a fence and motioned me through. Cottonwood and locust trees in otherwise arid, treeless spaces are typically an indication of long-gone habitation. Elias with Thales, Lara, Zada, and Sofie in the Saddle. I don’t think they were expecting the lesson they got; be careful what you ask a retired academic and public affairs officer! This blog comprises two parts: historical and contemporary. It is not, however, one of the major tourist destinations for Americans, and I wouldn’t have come here had my friend not brought it to my attention as an important source of the Basque emigrants to the Owyhee country. We visited the Baker Heritage Museum, which has my grandmother Claudia’s class picture hanging on the wall. We spent a good amount of time just looking at his drawings. But she described her parents as somewhat straitlaced and inclined to draw the line on many things. It is striking that many families continue following this sort of lifestyle after many generations. I beached the boat and chose a likely knoll from which I ought to be able to overlook most of the area. From the ranch buildings, the road passes the rock corral that now holds nothing but a travel trailer fabricated from the rear portion of a ca. This time, I suspect they did not feel threatened by two young girls who were no taller than they. On the phone, I had specifically enquired about José Eiguren. Lara and Zada (Elias’ daughter) hit it off right from the start. Both were fascinating. Local cattlemen, government leaders and business people have repeatedly expressed their concerns about loss of grazing rights and restrictions on mining. The dam was constructed by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation primarily to provide irrigation for the agricultural region in southeast Oregon and southwest Idaho, onions and hops are the staple crops in this region. A few sent their kids to Ontario, where there was a high school. But in recent years this seems to have been changing. Jesse’s father, William, who had emigrated from England in 1883, had homesteaded 152 plus acres in 1917. “Ghost town” conjures up an image of abandoned buildings with sagging roofs, missing window panes and odds and ends of broken furniture. It flows north along the east side of the Independence Mountains of Nevada, passing through Wild Horse Reservoir and then cutting northeast past the north end of the range. My original plan had been to kayak down reservoir to Doe Island on the second day. In the fourth grade Danny Aligazabo (not sure about the spelling) joined our school a grade ahead of me. The river and the country around it were named Owyhee for these men. It was here that when Sheriff Charlie Leavitt came looking for his still and contraband whiskey, Stacia “borrowed” his car to go warn Conley. Once in Lekeitio, I began with the municipal library where I found a wonderfully helpful librarian, Marcel Lopez, who spoke no English but who enlisted a patron, Aitor Aretxaga, to interpret. In 1929, William moved to Hermiston leaving the ranch with his son. That was the widow Hattie Perry, née Fry, whose husband, Theodore Perry, died in 1911 leaving her with two children, Walter and Kate. Although I haven’t yet uncovered anything that pertains to Basques in the Owyhee, who mainly originated in the fishing villages of  northern Spain, I have come across some other interesting developments. He has an agenda, and we’re on completely opposite sides on many points. I wake up a few hours before sunrise and take a walk down to the boat ramp, and then onto a deer trail along the Owyhee River. After almost a century of neglect, his grave is now well marked, off Highway 95, near Danner at 42°57′07.1″N 117°20′21.4″W / 42.951972°N 117.339278°W / 42.951972; -117.339278 (Jean Baptiste Charbonneau gravesite). He designated these the Five Fingers Buffalo Jump and the “Y” Buffalo Jump. See the paper below, authored by TU’s former science director Jack Williams, for a fascinating analysis of this natural history.) We did indeed come across a spot on the rim wall about thirty feet wide and perhaps fifteen feet high filled with rock art. Journal entries in 1826 by Peter Skene Ogden, a fur trapper who led subsequent Snake Country Expeditions for the Hudson's Bay Company refer to the river primarily as the "Sandwich Island River," but also as "S.I. It wasn’t until at the age of nine my daughter Claudia began asking about her namesake–my grandmother–that I began to appreciate how little I knew. Comments (0), Crossing the border into Northern Spain, I had the sense that this is where the French Basques are hoping to be. Comments are welcome, though I reserve the right to delete any that do not contribute to informed and civil discourse. It was a beginning. It didn’t have any grocery shops except for the corner market and the gas station. There are differences, however. It proved invaluable to filling in the gaps and helping to understand just who and what these people I was studying were and what they had achieved. Before the dam was built, there were something like thirty-six waterwheels on the river from Birch Creek to where the dam is now. The human history that follows the expedition is filled with the same characters that inhabit many western stories. (The “Big R” in Burns is another.) Towns have been given stranger names for less logical reasons. Koldo San Sebastian turned out to be a very pleasant individual who, fortunately for me, spoke English. Since then, I have repeatedly encountered references to it. "Oh! She hunted deer and for an old cannon, she said, that a woman claimed to have seen near Three Forks. I got a package of licorice, surely a necessity of ranch life for those who don’t use snuff (or “snoose” as the old Finn Vern Mackey of my forest service days called it). I shared the articles with Tim Davis, who agreed that a short visit to Wild Horse Table was in order. Somehow the fundamental concern for preserving what Nature has given us because we–ranchers and environmentalists alike–will need it to survive is insufficiently appreciated. (Idaho/Oregon/Nevada). The Davises took lumber from the house of another ranch–the McNulty place–to build stables on the Griffith; they also moved a cabin in its entirety to use as a shop. Plus, we each got to take home a horseshoe, and got a nice hour-long tour around their property and where their cows graze. When I looked at it, I found it to be the very material I’d been deciphering on the AMERIKANUAK website! Walking about the property offered a real sense of the hardships of life and an appreciation of the strength of the Owyhee residents’ attachment to the place. We headed out one overcast Sunday. From Wickahoney we followed a track that surely had not been improved since it last saw a stage coach. If any thought is given to the ethnic origins of the settlers, it is usually to the Basques. It was included on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. The challenge is getting the right people to read it and respect it. And naturalists. We may also camp by hot springs. See Alexander Ross's Fur Hunters of the Far West, the Journals of Peter Skene Ogden and the Kittson map published with Ogden's journals by the Hudson's Bay Records Society. The name of the river is from the older spelling of "Hawaii." There were students at school with Basque surnames whose jet black hair and onyx eyes made them stand out. And it’s not just Americans. Without careful conservation, the potential ramifications for public lands in the Owyhee are dismaying. Some of these latter buildings–such as the Sheep Station at Arock (see post for 11/06/2016) or the station at Wickahoney in Owyhee County, Idaho–were built of stone and are still more or less standing. An eight mile hike in 100 degree heat with little shade– was just a week after my 75th birthday, and I felt great. That has not been my experience. Over time the river either fills the reservoir and slowly starts to cut through … The spelling “Owyhee” was used in late 18th and early 19th century Hawaiian to English dictionaries. Now very few of the old Jordan Valley folks remain. Agenboard concluded there was no zoomorphic representation on those at the Five Fingers site, but I’m not so sure. The girls were ecstatic. We grew up in the region and I graduated from Weiser high school just downriver. We also knew that many of the sheepherders watching over large bands on the surrounding rangelands had been brought from Spain to do a lonely job that few locals cared to do. The cliffs on either side were beautiful, and I marveled at being able to admire close up a part of the canyon that Conley and Stacia would have had to squint to see as they made their trip down river for supplies. The images on the rim wall were similar to others found on top of the Five Fingers Jump that are illustrated in Agenboard’s 1976 article. I had a sufficient supply of stereotypes and misinformation already. Sofie’s reaction to Jordan Valley was gratifying; helping the girls understand and appreciate the life and people of rural Oregon had been my motive in putting the trip together. Comments (0), Hazel Danner Fretwell-Johnson:  Citizen Historian. She recalled they spoke Basque among themselves and had their own idioms in English. | I spend a couple hours following the deer trail along the river bank. The young woman behind the desk turned to that fount of knowledge that had guided us all the way from the center of Paris to her desk–Google Search. Something like forty ranches were eliminated. Reprising A Baja Marimba Band Album Cover Meme, Posted on 07/24/2018 at 05:01 PM in Development of the Owyhee, Life in the Owyhee, Malheur County, Owyhee history, Owyhee river, Ranching | Permalink While its new purpose has ensured the building has been preserved, its function is a seasonal one and I had arrived too late in the year to get past locked entry to the estate. The goal of a “landscape history” is what brought me to the Owyhee. It is often referred to as “the town of Watson.”  But “Watson”–no one seems to know the origin of the name–really denotes a community of ranches strung up and down the river centered on a post office by that name and a school and cemetery at the mouth of Blue Canyon, midway between Leslie Gulch and Birch Creek. It’s not clear how long they remained in Caldwell. In the years since retiring I have spent a fair amount of my time traveling about the US in search of my own ancestors–uncovering their names and where they lived in county records, reading of their daily activities in small town newspapers, tracking their migration Westward through US census records, collecting baptism and confirmation dates, and of course births, deaths, graduations, marriages and divorces, as well as an incarceration or two. We'll see what I learn in Spain. So, to be certain I was at the right place before I attempted a crossing, I continued on around a couple of bends to where I could see further down the river. Owyhee River Local History. The opposite was true with Spanish in Spain. Some of these have been refurbished after a fashion and house a souvenir store or two, a restaurant/hotel, homes and a lot of history. I recall once when I working in the St Lawrence University Library the special collections librarian emerged from his office and asked, “Are you interested in a masonry family history, that is building a wall brick by brick, or in a landscape history that gives a broad view?”  I replied my interest was in a “landscape history.”  He went back into his office and returned with several volumes of census data and analysis of the late 19th C society and economy of the region. It was named for three Hawaiian trappers, in the employ of the North West Company, who were sent to explore the uncharted river. My junior year in high school the Weiser Signal-American front page reported that the feds had broken a racket that was paying local women to marry Basques so they could be brought over from Spain to herd. And, they were making [the movie] “Northwest Passage” at McCall, and this was a pilot and Spencer Tracy that landed. The sky was beautifully clear and the sun bright portending a warm trek. Diameters of thirty feet or more do not seem to have been unusual. I had a great experience at Elias’ ranch, seeing what it was like to ride Western. The hike down to the Island Ranch was comfortable enough, but the return trip would prove pretty hot. The history behind setting aside acres and acres of land for a designated wilderness is fascinating and something that anyone with a … Though Owyhee Canyon was in the background throughout my youth, curiously I did not visit it until I retired in 2003. It was not until the spring or early summer of 1820 that MacKenzie learned the news of their deaths (probably at the hands of men belonging to a band of Bannocks led by a chief named The Horse). I didn’t ask, but I suspect Tim may have put her up to it. According to Chesley Blake, Hugh Shaver was the first to pack mail into Watson using a team. Jesse himself  homesteaded 320 acres nearby in 1924. And late 19th and early 20th century school records suggest they gave great attention to education. My grandparents never lived in the Owyhee country, but their good friends Conley and Stacia Davis did. By this point, we were beginning to understand the limitations of our 17’ Casita. It will be interesting to see what influence developments across the border in Catalonia will have and what the response of the Basque diaspora might be. But in Oregon, sixteen years later, history appears to be reprising the narrative. Well, the rig came with 5-ply highway tread tires that I was too frugal to switch out without first getting my money’s worth of use. Driving through the countryside we saw billboards advertising Euskara language courses. Additionally, I am always struck by how closely some of the petroglyphs in the Owyhee canyonlands resemble archaic Chinese graphs. I was filled with gratification, though not surprised, that Sofie seemed to understand the importance of family history. So it was quite natural that this long train of misfortune should cause the name of the river ”Mal (bad or unfortunate) heur (hour of time),” or, translating freely, the “unhappy” river. River," "River Owyhee" and "Owyhee River."[8]. The choice of name was in itself considered unfortunate by some. Near the north rim, stone rings were easily found and may have been tipi rings. The phenomenon of course is common among immigrant groups. We have just spent a week in Bayonne, the capital of Pays Basque in southwestern France. My godparents ranched in the Owyhee Canyon and had a place in Hole in the Ground. Although the bill made it through the house, it died in the senate. The building is known locally as “Sheep Ranch” or “Sheep Ranch Fort” and comprises two parts. On the left are photo albums for assorted places and themes pertaining to the Owyhee Canyonlands. The most important community along the Owyhee river north of Jordan Creek was Watson, which ironically does not appear on BLM maps. Due to this the river and its region were named "Owyhee. My great grandparents migrated there from Montana in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The river runs through the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest, and then past the communities of Mountain City and Owyhee in the Duck Valley Indian Reservation. For eighteen years she was the clerk of School District 81, the Arock School district. We stopped and the girls hopped out and began walking toward the animals. To anyone who knows rafting, the Owyhee River is definitely on their bucket list. I was sure I’d found the José Eiguren who was Elias' ancestor and could hardly wait for his response. This area was the territory of Western Shoshone, Northern Paiute, and Bannock peoples and their ancestors for thousands of years prior to the arrival of Americans. Add eons of tectonics, volcanism, inland seas, ice ages, earthquakes, floods and landslides, and you have an ever-changing world of rock so twisted and complex it often hides its own history. I momentarily considered turning around again, but I was in need of a beer, so I continued on back. There were only four. I thought “If I blow a tire, the token bottle jack (more of an amulet than a tool) that came with this rig is not going to get me out of here. Life was a pleasant. But this is not the failing of one side. George Palmer mentions a Nanny Franks (aka Nanny Maupin) who lived near Dry Creek Butte, which, according to George,  “some old plug” renamed Nanny’s Nipple.”  The butte retained that name and is visible from the Twin Springs campground. Visitors possessed of a creative mind can wander about and reconstruct in their minds what people would have been doing in that spot several decades or even a century or more earlier. But at the same time one has to be careful about lumping them together with the Catalonian independenistas. But without knowing who they are, it is difficult to follow up. My curiosity piqued, I decided to take advantage of the opportunity presented by a trip through southern France and northern Spain to see what I might learn about the places where the Owyhee Basques originated. On the five runs that he identified on the Five Finger Buffalo Jump, Agenboard found over 200 projectile points; he concluded that the notched point types indicated that the site had been used over 7000 years. Their mushy remains splattered all over the front of our trailer, which would cause folks back in Portland to ask if we’d been driving through a barnyard. In view of the distance we took two days to get there, with an overnight stay near Sisters. And in Bayonne itself the importance of the language has gained recognition with the creation of an Office Public de la Langue Basque about a decade ago and a plan of actions for 2017-2020. The visit with Karen was short–less that 24 hours. An indication of what was in store was the pair of roadside turkey vultures greeting us as we approached the mountain. | This surely was a disappointment to those hoping the impasse over protection for the Owyhee would be broken with an executive order under the authority of the Antiquities Act. I discovered the letters ‘J.V.’ painted on the side of the mountain above town. Lara especially has an ability to insert herself into groups of strangers–regardless of age–and become a generous contributor to the conversation no matter the topic. “They just won’t talk to one another,” Mike said. Besides being a way station, the building was also intended as protection from hostile Indians. A few years later, Pascual bought his cousin out, and his family occupied the old building until 1959, when they moved into new houses across the road. It looked like a tricky place to land in the canyon where the Hole in the Ground ranch was. They had to go into Vale to purchase 4x4’s for the spokes and boards for the paddles. As we left Jordan Valley, D&B became the object of their repeated query “Are we there yet?”  When we did finally make it they got complete outfits. 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